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| 对虾工厂化养殖系统不同浓度氨氮和亚硝氮水体的微生物群落与氮循环功能基因丰度 |
| Relationship between concentrations of ammonia and nitrite in water, microbial community structure and abundance of nitrogen cycling function genes |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-31 修订日期：2024-04-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 凡纳滨对虾 工厂化养殖 氨氮和亚硝氮 微生物 氮循环基因 |
| 英文关键词: Litopenaeus vannamei Industrial framing Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen Microorganisms Nitrogen cycle genes |
| 基金项目:黄河三角洲产业领军人才计划项目(DYRC20200213) 和国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFD0900505） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）工厂化养殖常出现氨氮和亚硝氮积累的现象，对养殖对虾产生负面影响。为了探究微生物在氨氮和亚硝氮积累中的作用，将随机采集的凡纳滨对虾工厂化养殖系统水样分为4组，DG组：氨氮 < 1.33 mg/L且亚硝氮 < 0.77 mg/L；DB组：氨氮 > 2.53 mg/L且亚硝氮 < 0.77 mg/L；DY组：氨氮 < 1.33 mg/L且亚硝氮 > 2.55 mg/L；DR组：氨氮 > 2.53 mg/L且亚硝氮 > 2.55 mg/L。利用16S rRNA 测序技术分析各组的微生物群落结构，利用RT-PCR测定氮循环功能基因绝对丰度，并对微生物丰度、环境因子和氮循环基因丰度进行了Person相关性分析。结果表明，DY组和DR组红杆菌科（Rhodobacteraceae）的相对丰度高于DG组和DB组，葡萄球菌科（Stappiaceae）低于DG组和DB组。DG组norank_o__PeM15的相对丰度显著高于其他三组（P < 0.05）。微生物中，蓝藻科（Cyanobiaceae）、腐败螺旋菌科（Saprospiraceae）和冷苔菌科（Cryomorphaceae）与氨氮浓度呈显著正相关，微杆菌科（Microbacteriaceae）与亚硝氮浓度呈显著正相关总氮（P < 0.05）。DR组氮循环功能基因的绝对丰度均为最高，其中narG，nirS，nirK，amoA和ureC的绝对丰度与其他组具有显著性差异（P < 0.05）。功能基因中，amoA与氨氮浓度、亚硝氮浓度呈显著正相关，nirS与亚硝氮浓度呈显著正相关（P < 0.05）。以上结果表明，腐败螺旋菌科、冷苔菌科和微杆菌科的丰度变化可能会影响水体氨氮和亚硝氮浓度。氨氮和亚硝氮浓度高的水体氮循环功能基因的绝对丰度更高。我们的研究揭示了水体微生物、氮循环基因和含氮化合物之间关系，为通过调控微生物解决对虾工厂化养殖中有害氮积累的问题提供了理论支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The accumulation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen often occurs in industrial farming of Litopenaeus vannamei, which has a negative impact on shrimp farming. In order to explore the role of microorganisms in the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, water samples from the industrial farming system of L. vannamei were randomly collected and divided into 4 groups. Among them, DG group: ammonia nitrogen < 1.33 mg/L and nitrite nitrogen < 0.77 mg/L; DB group: ammonia nitrogen > 2.53 mg/L and nitrite nitrogen < 0.77 mg/L; DY group: ammonia nitrogen < 1.33 mg/L and nitrite nitrogen > 2.55 mg/L; DR group: ammonia nitrogen > 2.53 mg/L and nitrite nitrogen > 2.55 mg/L. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial structure of each group, and RT-PCR was used to determine the absolute abundance of nitrogen cycling genes, and Person correlation analysis was conducted for microbial abundance, environmental factors and nitrogen cycling gene abundance. The results showed that the relative abundances of Rhodobacteraceae in DY and DR Group were higher than those in DG group and DB group, while that of Stappiaceae was lower than it in DG and DB group. The relative abundance of norank_o__PeM15 in DG group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P < 0.05). Among bacteriaceae, Cyanobiaceae, Saprospiraceae and Cryomorphaceae are significantly positively correlated with ammonia nitrogen, and Microbacteriaceae is significantly positively correlated with nitrite nitrogen (P < 0.05). The absolute abundances of nitrogen cycling functional genes in DR Group were the highest, and the absolute abundances of narG, nirS, nirK, amoA and ureC were significantly different from those in other groups (P < 0.05). Among functional genes, the abundance of amoA was positively correlated with ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, and nirS was positively correlated with nitrite nitrogen (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the variation of the abundances of Saprospiraceae, Cryomorphaceae and Microbacteriaceae may affect the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in water. The absolute abundance of
nitrogen cycling genes in water with higher concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen was higher. Our study revealed the relationship between water microorganisms, nitrogen cycling genes and nitrogen-containing compounds, and provided theoretical support for solving the problem of harmful nitrogen accumulation in shrimp industrial farming by regulating microorganisms. |
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